Incursion pressure of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) by secondary
spread among poultry holdings and/or from infected migratory wild bird populations …

Avian influenza viruses evolve antigenically to evade host immunity. Two influenza A virus
surface glycoproteins, the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, are the major targets of host …

A proper vaccination against avian influenza viruses in chicken can significantly reduce the
risk of human infection. Egypt has the highest number of recorded humans highly …

The rampant spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N6) virus has drawn
additional concerns along with ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Due to its migration-related …

Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, such as H5N1, have been
recognized as a possible pandemic hazard to men and the poultry business. The rapid rate …

Vaccines are an essential tool for the control of viral infections in domestic animals. We
generated recombinant vector herpesvirus of turkeys (vHVT) vaccines expressing …

Introduction The H5N8 influenza virus is a highly pathogenic pathogen for poultry and
human. Vaccination is the most effective method to control the spread of the virus right now …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses from the Goose/Guangdong/96-lineage
emerged in Southeast Asia and subsequently spread to the Middle East, Africa and Europe …

The poultry industry is the largest source of meat and eggs for the growing human
population worldwide. Key concerns in poultry farming are nutrition, management, flock …

H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has become endemic in many countries, causing great
economic losses when co-infected with other pathogens. So far, several live vaccines based …