Social categorization is a universal mechanism for making sense of a vast social world with
roots in perceptual, conceptual, and social systems. These systems emerge strikingly early …

Overt expressions of racial intolerance have surged precipitously. The dramatic uptick in
hate crimes and hate speech is not lost on young children. But how, and how early, do …

Teaching and talking about race and ethnicity with children and adults is especially
important in racially diverse societies. This process has been coined racial/ethnic …

RACE AND RACISM ARE INTEGRAL ele ments of American society, structural aspects
without which the United States (and its pre de ces sor colonies) could not function well or …

In the United States, race is a critical factor in determining how children experience and
navigate their social worlds. Developmental scientists have examined the complexities and …

As part of their early “essentialist” intuitions, young children view intergroup differences as
reflecting groups' intrinsic natures. In the present study, we explore the nature and …

Psychological essentialism is the hypothesis that humans represent some categories as
having an underlying essence that unifies members of a category and is causally …

Race and gender information overlap to shape adults' representations of social categories.
This overlap may contribute to the psychological “invisibility” of people whose race and …

Children develop rich concepts of social categories throughout early and middle childhood.
Whereas we know much about the development and consequences of many social …

Globally, there is a devastating rise in substance addiction. The stigma encountered by
people with addiction remains a critical barrier to treatment-seeking and recovery. To reduce …