In recent times, social and commercial interests in location-based services (LBS) are
significantly increasing due to the rise in smart devices and technologies. The global …

These recent years have witnessed the importance of indoor localization and tracking as
people are spending more time indoors, which facilitates determining the location of an …

The WiFi-based fingerprint indoor-positioning system has attracted increasing interest from
industry and academia, benefiting from the widespread deployment of the wireless local …

Indoor localization is a key research area and has been stated as a major goal for Sixth
Generation (6G) communications. Indoor localization faces many challenges, such as harsh …

As positioning solutions integrate multiple components to improve accuracy, the number of
parameters that require calibration has increased. This article studies a calibration-free …

Currently, outdoor navigation systems have widely been used around the world on
smartphones. They rely on GPS (Global Positioning System). However, indoor navigation …

The popularity of radio frequency (RF)-based fingerprinting for indoor localization has grown
owing to its relatively low cost of equipment deployment and satisfactory accuracy. However …

Smartphone-based indoor navigation systems are becoming increasingly popular in a
variety of applications. However, localization accuracy has always been a challenge. The …

Due to the lack of global positioning system (GPS) signals in some enclosed areas, indoor
localisation has recently gained significant importance for academics. However, indoor …

Owing to the ubiquity of wireless networks, WiFi fingerprinting is widely applied in indoor
localization. However, constructing a comprehensive radio map for WiFi indoor localization …