Transporters in proximal renal tubules contribute to the disposition of numerous drugs.
Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of tubular secretion have been progressively …

Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE)
testing for the approval of immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing …

Renal clearance is a key determinant of the elimination of drugs. To date, only few in vitro–in
vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) approaches have been described to predict the renal organ …

Laboratory rabbits are fed foods rich with cationic metals, and while fasting cannot empty
gastric contents because of their coprophagic habits. This implies that, in rabbits, the oral …

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms for membrane transport of
metformin in human intestinal epithelial Caco‐2 cells. The mRNA of not only organic cation …

To evaluate the mechanism responsible for the tubular secretion of bisoprolol, we compared
transcellular transport of bisoprolol with that of tetraethylammonium (TEA), cimetidine, and …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials [14C] Tetraethylammonium (TEA) bromide (2.04
GBq/mmol),[3H] quinidine (740 GBq/mmol),[14C] procainamide hydrochloride (2.04 …

Abstract Objective Placental transfer of Levofloxacin (LF), a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone
antibiotic, and its inhibition was investigated in BeWo cells, a human trophoblast cell line …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials Mizoribine and [14C] mizoribine (12.9 mCi/mmol)
were kindly donated by Asahi Kasei Pharma (Tokyo, Japan).[3H] Mannitol was purchased …

A prodrug of levofloxacin (LVFX), cilexetil ester of LVFX (LVFX-CLX), was synthesized to
examine whether the prodrug can avoid chelate formation with metal cations in the …