The term varicose vein refers to the twisted and swollen vein visible under the skin surface
which occurs most commonly in the leg. Epidemiological studies report a varying …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is debilitating, increasing in incidence worldwide, and a
financial and social burden on health systems. Kidney failure, the final stage of CKD, is life …

Vitis vinifera (grape) is one of the “most‐produced fruit” in the world. Grape seeds are a
valuable source of phenolic compounds including resveratrol (RSV). Grape and one of its …

The current study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of grape seed
proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) against Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) induced renal injury …

Colistin is an old antibiotic used in the treatment of Gram-negative infections. It was once
suspended because of its nephrotoxic effect but has since been reintroduced due to …

Lead (Pb) is a global environmental health hazard that leads to nephrotoxicity. However, the
effective treatment of Pb-induced nephrotoxicity remains elusive. Grape seed procyanidin …

Objectives Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is a potent antioxidant and a free
radical scavenger. This study was designed to determine whether GSPE could protect …

Podocytes are part of the glomerular filtration membrane in kidney and serve to prevent the
filtration of protein from the blood. Several evidences suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome characterized by progressive and irreversible
deterioration of renal function linked to slow destruction of renal parenchyma, eventually …

This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract
(GSPE) on cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular apoptosis, endothelial nitric oxide synthases …