Abstract The Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) sector is
responsible for a great proportion of the global energy consumption and associated …

With the rapid urbanisation happening around the world followed by the massive demand
for clean energy resources, green cities play a pivotal role in building a sustainable future for …

Algae convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into oxygen, heat, and biomass. The integration
of microalgae, as a photobioreactor-based source of biofuel, with buildings, has the potential …

In the last decade, retrofitting strategies have been reviewed to improve energy efficiency
and reduce the environmental impact of existing buildings. One retrofitting strategy consists …

Environmental pollution, global warming, energy consumption, and limited natural resources
are some key factors from which today's built environment faces interrelated problems and …

In regard to increasing reports toward severe comfort problems and high energy
consumption by educational buildings in many countries, a sustainable refurbishment for …

The building envelope has a great impact on the thermal/visual comfort of occupants and the
building energy demand. Accordingly, façade-integrated microalgae photobioreactors have …

In this paper, the authors aim to support users when modelling scenarios with complex
processes entailing thermal loads and infiltrations. The large building analysed is a logistics …

The present study focused on analyzing the potential impact of incorporating living
microalgae to the built facades, Algae Window, on the energy consumption reduction of a …

Purpose This paper aims to identify the different system approach using Building Information
Modelling (BIM) technology that is equipped with decision making processes. Maintenance …