Background Running gait assessment has traditionally been performed using subjective
observation or expensive laboratory-based objective technologies, such as three …

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) can be used to monitor running biomechanics in real-
world settings, but IMUs are often used within a laboratory. The purpose of this scoping …

Tibial bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common among long-distance runners. They have a
high recurrence rate, and complexity emerges in the wider management and successful …

External load variables such as peak tibial acceleration (PTA), peak vertical ground reaction
forces (GRF) and its instantaneous vertical loading rate (IVLR) may contribute to running …

Running injuries are very common, and there are well-established protocols for clinicians to
manage specific musculoskeletal conditions in runners. However, competitive and elite …

The surface effects on running biomechanics have been greatly investigated. However, the
effects on rearfoot strike runners remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to …

An increase in the popularity of running can be seen over the last decades, with a large
number of injuries on it. Most of the running injuries are related to impact accelerations and …

Running can be performed on different types of surfaces with distinct characteristics. These
differences between the running surfaces may affect impact accelerations during prolonged …

Purpose Peak tibial acceleration (PTA) is defined as the peak acceleration occurring shortly
after initial contact, often used as an indirect measure of tibial load. As the tibia is a rotating …

Wireless accelerometers with various operating ranges have been used to measure tibial
acceleration. Accelerometers with a low operating range output distorted signals and have …