This paper introduces the Programmed Visual Content Comparison (PVCC) for collaborative
programming learning. The PVCC is based on comparing two displayed visual objects …

This paper discusses the effectiveness of the Programmed Visual Contents Comparison
Method (PVCC) for collaborative learning in computer programming education. Building …

This paper discusses the practical applicability of the Programmed Visual Contents
Comparison Method (PVCC) to IT employees. The PVCC is an aptitude and ability test to …

This paper discusses a question authoring function of the Programmed Visual Contents
Comparison Method (PVCC). With this method, by comparing two displayed pictures …

1.1. Background Over the past 20 years, worldwide institutions who establish the standards
for computing education have been suggesting the inclusion of diverse disciplines from …

In a prior study, we proposed the Programmed Visual Contents Comparison Method (PVCC)
to assess this panoramic understanding of programming, and developed a testing system …