The demand for natural colors is increasing day by day due to harmful effects of some
synthetic dyes. Bacterial and fungal pigments provide a readily available alternative source …

Carotenoid is a group of pigments naturally present in vegetal raw materials that have
biological properties. These pigments have been used mainly in food, pharmaceutical, and …

Nowadays, carotenoids are valuable molecules in different industries such as chemical,
pharmaceutical, poultry, food and cosmetics. These pigments not only can act as vitamin A …

Natural pigments sourced from ores, insects, plants and animals were the colorants used
since prehistoric period. Synthetic dyes which took the place of natural pigments in the …

Biotechnologically useful yeast strains have been receiving important attention worldwide
for the demand of a wide range of industries. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa is recognized as a …

Bio-colorants are preferred over synthetic colors as bio-colorants not only impart
characteristic color to the food also contain harmless bio-active antioxidant nutrients. The …

Sugarcane is a major crop cultivated globally and the residue left over after the crop harvest
and extraction of juice is a good biomass source that can be used for the production of …

Crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel plants, was used as the sole carbon source for
concomitant production of lipids and carotenoids by oleaginous red yeast Rhodotorula …

Torulene and torularhodin represent the group of carotenoids and are synthesized by yeasts
and fungi. The most important producers of these two compounds include yeasts of …

Cheese whey constitutes one of the most polluting by-products of the food industry, due to its
high organic load. Thus, in order to mitigate the environmental concerns, a large number of …