A new scientific frontier opened in 2009 with the start of operations of the world's first x-ray
free-electron laser (FEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), at SLAC National …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

Following structural dynamics in real time is a fundamental goal towards a better
understanding of chemical reactions. Recording snapshots of individual molecules with …

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and table-top sources of x-rays based upon high
harmonic generation (HHG) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast x-ray atomic and …

X-ray free-electron lasers have opened up the possibility of structure determination of
protein crystals at room temperature, free of radiation damage. The femtosecond-duration …

We report experimental results on x-ray diffraction of quantum-state-selected and strongly
aligned ensembles of the prototypical asymmetric rotor molecule 2, 5-diiodobenzonitrile …

X-ray free-electron lasers enable the investigation of the structure and dynamics of diverse
systems, including atoms, molecules, nanocrystals and single bioparticles, under extreme …

In the field of beam physics, two frontier topics have taken center stage due to their potential
to enable new approaches to discovery in a wide swath of science. These areas are …

Studies of charge transfer are often hampered by difficulties in determining the charge
localization at a given time. Here, we used ultrashort x-ray free-electron laser pulses to …

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) produce femtosecond x-ray pulses with unprecedented
intensities that are uniquely suited for studying many phenomena in atomic, molecular, and …