Large language models in medicine

AJ Thirunavukarasu, DSJ Ting, K Elangovan… - Nature medicine, 2023 - nature.com
Large language models (LLMs) can respond to free-text queries without being specifically
trained in the task in question, causing excitement and concern about their use in healthcare …

Challenges and applications of large language models

J Kaddour, J Harris, M Mozes, H Bradley… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 - arxiv.org
Large Language Models (LLMs) went from non-existent to ubiquitous in the machine
learning discourse within a few years. Due to the fast pace of the field, it is difficult to identify …

The shaky foundations of large language models and foundation models for electronic health records

M Wornow, Y Xu, R Thapa, B Patel, E Steinberg… - npj Digital …, 2023 - nature.com
The success of foundation models such as ChatGPT and AlphaFold has spurred significant
interest in building similar models for electronic medical records (EMRs) to improve patient …

Adapted large language models can outperform medical experts in clinical text summarization

D Van Veen, C Van Uden, L Blankemeier… - Nature medicine, 2024 - nature.com
Analyzing vast textual data and summarizing key information from electronic health records
imposes a substantial burden on how clinicians allocate their time. Although large language …

[HTML][HTML] A survey of GPT-3 family large language models including ChatGPT and GPT-4

KS Kalyan - Natural Language Processing Journal, 2023 - Elsevier
Large language models (LLMs) are a special class of pretrained language models (PLMs)
obtained by scaling model size, pretraining corpus and computation. LLMs, because of their …

Domain specialization as the key to make large language models disruptive: A comprehensive survey

C Ling, X Zhao, J Lu, C Deng, C Zheng, J Wang… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 - arxiv.org
Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language
processing (NLP), providing a highly useful, task-agnostic foundation for a wide range of …

[HTML][HTML] Clinical text summarization: adapting large language models can outperform human experts

D Van Veen, C Van Uden, L Blankemeier… - Research …, 2023 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Sifting through vast textual data and summarizing key information from electronic health
records (EHR) imposes a substantial burden on how clinicians allocate their time. Although …

Clinical text datasets for medical artificial intelligence and large language models—a systematic review

J Wu, X Liu, M Li, W Li, Z Su, S Lin, L Garay, Z Zhang… - NEJM AI, 2024 - ai.nejm.org
Privacy and ethical considerations limit access to large-scale clinical datasets, particularly
clinical text data, which contain extensive and diverse information and serve as the …

CORAL: expert-curated oncology reports to advance language model inference

M Sushil, VE Kennedy, D Mandair, BY Miao, T Zack… - NEJM AI, 2024 - ai.nejm.org
Background Both medical care and observational studies in oncology require a thorough
understanding of a patient's disease progression and treatment history, often elaborately …

[HTML][HTML] Generative artificial intelligence through ChatGPT and other large language models in ophthalmology: clinical applications and challenges

TF Tan, AJ Thirunavukarasu, JP Campbell… - Ophthalmology …, 2023 - Elsevier
The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) driving generative artificial intelligence
applications heralds the potential of opportunities in health care. We conducted a review up …