The Ca2+ ion is recognized as a crucial second messenger in signaling pathways coupling
the perception of environmental stimuli to plant adaptive responses. Indeed, one of the …

Ca 2+ has long been recognized as a conserved second messenger and principal mediator
in plant immune and stress responses. How Ca 2+ signals are sensed and relayed into …

Identifying key players and their interactions is fundamental for understanding biochemical
mechanisms at the molecular level. The ever-increasing number of alternative ways to …

Plants are under constant attack from pathogens and herbivorous insects. To protect and
defend themselves, plants evolved a multi-layered surveillance system, known as the innate …

Complex protein networks are involved in nearly all cellular processes. To uncover these
vast networks of protein interactions, various high-throughput screening technologies have …

Metabolic adjustment to changing environmental conditions, particularly balancing of growth
and defense responses, is crucial for all organisms to survive. The evolutionary conserved …

The biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis causes the powdery mildew disease of
cereals and grasses. We present the first crystal structure of a B. graminis effector of …

For decades, the biological roles of plant lectins remained obscure and subject to
speculation. With the advent of technological and scientific progress, researchers have …

Protein networks and signaling cascades are key mechanisms for intra‐and intercellular
signal transduction. Identifying the interacting partners of a protein can provide vital clues …

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are at the forefront of decoding transient Ca2+
signals into physiological responses. They play a pivotal role in many aspects of plant life …