Although phenol is stable in bulk water, we report an exceptional phenomenon in which
phenol is spontaneously transformed into a phenyl carbocation (Ph+) in water microdroplets …

Water microdroplets promote unusual chemical reactions at the air–water interface.
However, the interfacial structure of water microdroplets and its potential influence on …

The development of novel luminescent radicals, characterized by their unique doublet
emission, endows a significant challenge. In this study, we reported the synthesis of a …

Water microdroplets are widespread in the atmosphere. We report a striking observation that
micron-sized water droplets obtained from zero-volt spray sources (sonic spray, humidifier …

The fleeting existence of aryl carbanion intermediates in the bulk phase prevents their direct
observation and spectroscopic measurement. In sharp contrast, we report the direct …

Carbocations are important electrophilic intermediates in organic chemistry, but their
formation typically requires harsh conditions such as extremely low pH, elevated …

Dehydrogenative aromatization (DA) of cyclic ketones is central to the development of
functionalized aromatic precursors and hydrogen transfer–related technologies. Traditional …