After several decades, therapeutic cancer vaccines now show signs of efficacy and potential
to help patients resistant to other standard-of-care immunotherapies, but they have yet to …

Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Molecular
targeted therapies and immunotherapies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have …

Mucosal vaccines offer the potential to trigger robust protective immune responses at the
predominant sites of pathogen infection. In principle, the induction of adaptive immunity at …

Therapeutic cancer vaccines have undergone a resurgence in the past decade. A better
understanding of the breadth of tumour-associated antigens, the native immune response …

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but efficacy remains limited in most
clinical settings. Cancer is a systemic disease that induces many functional and …

Strategies to therapeutically target the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as a
promising approach for cancer treatment in recent years due to the critical roles of the TME …

Immune checkpoint blockade, which blocks inhibitory signals of T cell activation, has shown
tremendous success in treating cancer, although success still remains limited to a fraction of …

Abstract Background Dendritic cells (DCs) are central for the initiation and regulation of
innate and adaptive immunity in the tumor microenvironment. As such, many kinds of DC …

For many solid malignancies, lymph node (LN) involvement represents a harbinger of
distant metastatic disease and, therefore, an important prognostic factor. Beyond its utility as …

Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs) are key regulators in tumor progression, but the
similarity and distinction of their fundamental properties across different tumors remain …