It is likely that there will continue to be a substantial increase in the number of wind turbines
as we aim to meet global energy demands through renewable sources. However, these …

Throughout their evolution seabirds have not had to contend with the collision risk posed by
discrete objects that extend into their flight space above the water surface. However, the …

Wind turbines and power lines can cause bird mortality due to collision or electrocution. The
biodiversity impacts of energy infrastructure (EI) can be minimised through effective …

The ongoing demand for renewable energy has boosted the development of wind farms
worldwide. Given the impact these facilities have on flying species, a spatially explicit …

As environmental conditions fluctuate across years, seasonal migrants must determine
where and when to move without comprehensive knowledge of conditions beyond their …

Aim Migratory species rely on multiple ranges across the annual cycle, rendering them
vulnerable to a wide range of spatially disparate anthropogenic threats. The spatial …

Birds are vectors of dispersal of propagules of plants and other organisms including
pathogens, as well as nutrients and contaminants. Thus, through their movements they …

Seabirds use several flight modes at sea, including thermal soaring, in which thermal uplift is
used to gain altitude and save energy. An increase in flight altitude may have consequences …

Movements through or use of offshore wind farms by seabirds while commuting or foraging
may increase the potential for collision with turbine blades. Collision risk models provide a …

The Alps are a natural barrier for avian broad‐front migration in Central Europe. While most
birds that approach the Alps are deflected and circumvent the mountains, some choose to …