Every animal species expresses hundreds of different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
that respond to a wide variety of external stimuli. GPCRs-driven signaling pathways are …

Structures of 70 unique G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been determined, with
over 370 structures in total bound to different ligands and the receptors in various …

Heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) mainly relay the
information from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the plasma membrane to the …

The κ-opioid receptor (KOP) mediates the actions of opioids with hallucinogenic, dysphoric,
and analgesic activities. The design of KOP analgesics devoid of hallucinatory and …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signal primarily through G proteins or arrestins.
Arrestin binding to GPCRs blocks G protein interaction and redirects signalling to numerous …

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate the majority of cellular responses to external
stimuli. Upon activation by a ligand, the receptor binds to a partner heterotrimeric G protein …

Organisms of all domains of life use photoreceptor proteins to sense and respond to light.
The light-sensitivity of photoreceptor proteins arises from bound chromophores such as …

Melatonin receptors are seven transmembrane‐spanning proteins belonging to the GPCR
superfamily. In mammals, two melatonin receptor subtypes exist‐MT1 and MT2‐encoded by …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are physiologically important membrane proteins that
sense signalling molecules such as hormones and neurotransmitters, and are the targets of …

Despite recent advances in crystallography and the availability of G-protein-coupled
receptor (GPCR) structures, little is known about the mechanism of their activation process …