A celebrated and controversial hypothesis suggests that some biological systems—parts,
aspects, or groups of them—may extract important functional benefits from operating at the …

Tipping points in complex systems may imply risks of unwanted collapse, but also
opportunities for positive change. Our capacity to navigate such risks and opportunities can …

Swarm Intelligence (SI) is a popular multi-agent framework that has been originally inspired
by swarm behaviors observed in natural systems, such as ant and bee colonies. In a system …

Transfer Entropy Page 1 Chapter 4 Transfer Entropy In this chapter we get to the essential
mathematics of the book—a detailed discussion of transfer entropy. To begin with we look at …

Complex dynamical systems, ranging from ecosystems to financial markets and the climate,
can have tipping points at which a sudden shift to a contrasting dynamical regime may …

How do we explain the remarkably abrupt changes that sometimes occur in nature and
society--and can we predict why and when they happen? This book offers a comprehensive …

The analysis of some species-rich, well-defined food webs shows that they display the so-
called small world behavior shared by a number of disparate complex systems. The three …

Can physics be an appropriate framework for the understanding of ecological science? Most
ecologists would probably agree that there is little relation between the complexity of natural …

The emergence of a complex language is one of the fundamental events of human
evolution, and several remarkable features suggest the presence of fundamental principles …

Scaling relationships (where body size features as the independent variable) and power-law
distributions are commonly reported in ecological systems. In this review we analyze scaling …