Objective To review the current literature pertaining to the use of lactate as a prognostic
indicator and therapeutic guide, the utility of measuring lactate concentrations in body fluids …

Liver diseases, congenital and acquired and acute and chronic, are commonly recognized
in a wide variety of pedigree dog breeds and crossbreeds. There are welldocumented breed …

Background Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is an increasingly recognized extrahepatic biliary
disease in dogs. Objectives To investigate cases of GBM and identify variables associated …

Background Gallbladder mucoceles (GBM) typically are treated by cholecystectomy. Medical
management rarely has been reported and medical and surgical management have not …

OBJECTIVE To determine mortality rates for dogs undergoing cholecystectomy and
variables associated with failure to survive to hospital discharge. DESIGN Retrospective …

Mucosal protection of the gallbladder is vital yet we know very little about the mechanisms
involved. In domestic dogs, an emergent syndrome referred to as gallbladder mucocele …

Background Cholangitis in dogs appears to be more common than previously thought, but
understanding of the disease remains incomplete. Objective To describe a population of …

Objective To report the complications and outcome of dogs undergoing laparoscopic
cholecystectomy for uncomplicated gall bladder disease. Study Design Multi‐institutional …

Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is a common extra-hepatic biliary syndrome in dogs with death
rates ranging from 7 to 45%. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the association of …

Background Gall bladder mucoceles (GBM) are a leading cause of biliary disease in dogs
with several breeds, including the Shetland Sheepdog, American Cocker Spaniel …