Greening the urban environment can be an important strategy to tackle the problems of
urban densification and meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Green …

Achieving sustainable urban development requires a reorientation in the planning,
management, and design of cities based on the use of cross-cutting solutions that can …

The globe is at a crossroads in terms of the urban heat island effect, with rising surface
temperatures due to urbanization and an expanding built environment. This cause-and …

Vertical greening systems represent an emerging field in technology and research since
they are traded as promising measure to encounter the negative impacts of climate change …

There are many factors that have a major influence on reducing the energy expenditure in
building sector. This research aims at qualitative and quantitative assessment of those …

Expansion of modern cities reduces green areas, especially within city centres where the
urban heat island has become a significant problem. In an attempt to increase greenery in …

The green facades and living walls of vertical greenery systems (VGS) are gaining
increasing importance as sustainable building design elements because they can improve …

The leaf area index (LAI) is a key dynamic parameter in Vertical Greening Systems (VGS). It
quantifies the total amount of leaf area in the canopy and largely determines the extent of co …

The main objective of this research is to study the effect of a panel living wall on the ambient
air temperature and its effect on reducing day and night temperature fluctuations. A living …

The warming climate, projected increase in frequency and severity of extreme heat events,
and the long-established heat island phenomenon are all expected to exacerbate urban …