I often say that when you can mea sure what you are speaking about, and express it in
numbers, you know some thing about it; but when you cannot mea sure it, when you cannot …

Is the death penalty a more effective deterrent than lengthy prison sentences? Does a
judge's gender influence their decisions? Do independent judiciaries promote economic …

This paper establishes the presence of political corruption in court and identifies a novel
channel—interfering with court decisions—through which local corrupt politicians provide …

Back in the 1940s the political scientist C. Herman Pritchett began tallying the votes and
opinions of Supreme Court Justices. His goal was to use data to test the hypothesis that the …

In this article, the non‐unanimous decisions of the Portuguese and Spanish Constitutional
Tribunals for the periods 1989–2009 and 2000–2009 are analysed. It is shown that judicial …

In this article, we study the extent to which decisions by the Spanish Constitutional Court are
explained by political variables. Our theory proposes that party alignment should play an …

Specialized constitutional courts have expanded all over the world in recent decades.
Originally conceived by the great legal theorist Hans Kelsen for the Austrian Constitution of …

Constitutional amendments in September 2010 restructured the Turkish Constitutional Court
(TCC) by imposing term limits, adding six additional seats to the Court, and bolstering the …

There is a long-standing debate in the literature about the effectiveness of strengthening
judicial independence in developing countries with weak rule of law. This paper exploits a …

This article develops an empirical analysis of judicial behavior in the S panish S upreme C
ourt, a court of law dominated by career judiciary. We focus on administrative review. The …