Ample evidence has demonstrated that sex steroid hormones, such as the potent estrogen
17β-estradiol (E2), affect hippocampal morphology, plasticity, and memory in male and …

The pros and cons of estrogen therapy for use in postmenopausal women continue to be a
major topic of debate in women's health. Much of this debate focuses on the potential …

Stressful experiences are linked to anxiety disorders in humans. Similar effects are observed
in rodent models, where anxiety is often measured in classic conflict tests such as the open …

The ovarian hormones 17β-estradiol (E 2) and progesterone (P 4) are potent modulators of
hippocampal memory formation. Both hormones have been demonstrated to enhance …

The question of whether ovarian hormone therapy can prevent or reduce age-related
memory decline in menopausal women has been the subject of much recent debate …

Acute effects of estrogens on mnemonic processes were examined at the behavioral and
neurochemical levels. 17β-estradiol and 17α-estradiol influences on memory consolidation …

Menopause in human females and subsequent ovarian hormone deficiency, particularly
concerning 17β-estradiol (E2), increase the risk for metabolic dysfunctions associated with …

Gonadal hormones, most notably oestradiol, enhance some aspects of cognitive function in
animal and human models. However, the demonstrated effects are often not large and …

The experiment examined whether sex differences and the phase of the light cycle modified
how chronic restraint stress influenced anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Rats were …

Estrogens have inconsistent effects on learning and memory in both the clinical and
preclinical literature. Preclinical literature has the advantage of investigating an array of …