Skeletal muscles are length-and velocity-sensitive force producers, constructed of a vast
array of sarcomeres. Muscles come in a variety of sizes and shapes to accomplish a wide …

Among terrestrial mammals, the largest, the 3 tonne African elephant, is one-million times
heavier than the smallest, the 3 g pygmy shrew. Body mass is the most obvious and …

Open fracture is a common occurrence in civilian and military populations. Though great
strides have been made in limb salvage efforts, persistent muscle strength deficits can …

The healthy benefits of regular physical exercise are mainly mediated by the stimulation of
oxidative and antioxidant capacities in skeletal muscle. Our understanding of the cellular …

Mice are one of the most commonly used laboratory animals, with an extensive array of
disease models in existence, including for many neuromuscular diseases. The hindlimb is of …

Each cell type develops and maintains a specific oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)
capacity to satisfy its metabolic and energetic demands. This implies that there are …

Skeletal muscle design studies, based on anatomical structure, extend back several
hundred years. Accurate anatomical drawings show that many muscle fibers are oriented at …

Background Muscle atrophy and weakness are adverse effects of high dose or the sustained
usage of glucocorticoids. Loss of mitochondria and degradation of protein are highly …

The size and arrangement of fibres play a determinate role in the kinetic and energetic
performance of muscles. Extrapolations between fibre architecture and performance …

Muscle performance is closely related to the architecture and dimensions of the muscle–
tendon unit and the effect of maturation on these architectural characteristics in humans is …