The tumor cell changes itself and its microenvironment to adapt to different situations,
including action of drugs and other agents targeting tumor control. Therefore, metabolism …

The tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) is the most frequently mutated human gene. Mutations in
TP53 not only disrupt its tumor suppressor function, but also endow oncogenic gain-of …

Breast cancer is one of the world's leading causes of oncological disease-related death. It is
characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity on the clinical, morphological, and …

Deregulated cell metabolism is one of the cancer hallmarks. Mitochondrial DNA mutations
and enzyme defects, aberrant tumor suppressor or oncogenic activities cause mitochondrial …

Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is associated with the
development of head and neck cancer (HNC) and represents one of the main therapeutic …

Mutations of TP53 gene are the most common feature in aggressive malignant cells. In
addition to the loss of the tumor suppressive role of wild‐type p53, hotspot mutant p53 …

Cellular quiescence is a reversible, non-cycling state controlled by epigenetic,
transcriptional and niche-associated molecular factors. Quiescence is a condition where …

Normal tissues are organized in a hierarchical model, whereas at the apex of these
hierarchies reside stem cells (SCs) capable of self-renewal and of producing differentiated …

Background HER2 over-expression is related with a poor prognosis in patients with invasive
breast cancer tumors. Clinical associations have reported that somatic mutations of p53 …

Despite success of ERBB2-targeted therapies such as lapatinib, resistance remains a major
clinical concern. Multiple compensatory receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways are known …