The initiation of osteogenesis primarily occurs as mesenchymal stem cells undergo
differentiation into osteoblasts. This differentiation process plays a crucial role in bone …

Genetic studies in animals and humans indicate that gene mutations that functionally perturb
transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling are linked to specific hereditary vascular …

Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), a major structural component of the vessel wall, not
only play a key role in maintaining vascular structure but also perform various functions …

Fibrosis can be defined as an excessive and deregulated deposition of extracellular matrix
proteins, causing loss of physiological architecture and dysfunction of different tissues and …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide despite
advances in its prevention and management. A comprehensive understanding of factors …

Background The regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype plays an
important role in intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation and progression. However, the …

Aging is an inevitable consequence of life, and during this process, the epigenetic
landscape changes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation increases. Inevitably …

Phospholamban (PLN) plays a central role in Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac myocytes
through regulation of the sarco (endo) plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2A (SERCA2A) …

Cellular plasticity is fundamental in biology and disease. Vascular smooth muscle cell
(SMC) dedifferentiation (loss of contractile proteins) initiates and perpetrates vascular …

Background and aims The phenotype switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)
plays a key role during development and progression of vascular remodeling diseases …