The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM) are
scanning probe microscopes capable of resolving surface detail down to the atomic level …

Experiments on individual molecules using scanning probe microscopies have
demonstrated an exciting diversity of physical, chemical, mechanical, and electronic …

The purpose of this book is the development of the principles and experimental techniques
underlying near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and the …

This completely updated and revised second edition of Surface Analysis: The Principal
Techniques, deals with the characterisation and understanding of the outer layers of …

The scaling of bone and muscle geometry in mammals suggests that peak stresses (ratio of
force to cross-sectional area) acting in these two support elements increase with increasing …

Intramolecular long-distance electron transfer (ET) has been actively studied in recent years
in order to test existing theories in a quantitative way and to provide the necessary constants …

The atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to image the surface of both conductors
and nonconductors even if they are covered with water or aqueous solutions. An AFM was …

The three-dimensional structure of the cofactors of the reaction center of Rhodobacter
sphaeroides R-26 has been determined by x-ray diffraction and refined at a resolution of 2.8 …

The considerable activity in the area of organic thin films, involving very thin polymeric films
and molecular monolayers and multilayers, led to the formation of a panel, sponsored by the …

We have demonstrated the capability of the atomic force microscope to image the surface of
an electrically insulating solid with atomic resolution. Images of highly oriented pyrolytic …