Ethnopharmacological relevance Licorice is a medicinal herb with a 2000-year history of
applications in traditional Chinese medicine. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a bioactive chalcone …

Diabetic wounds are slow healing wounds characterized by disordered healing processes
and frequently take longer than three months to heal. One of the defining characteristics of …

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the onset and development of diabetes and its
complications. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has high prevalence and poor prognosis which make it a
research priority for scientists. Since metformin, a hypoglycaemic drug, has been found to …

Background LncRNA AK044604 (regulator of insulin sensitivity and autophagy, Risa) and
autophagy-related factors Sirt1 and GSK3β play important roles in diabetic nephropathy …

Abstract Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) has been reported to play a protective role against
acute kidney injury by driving tubular regeneration. This study aims to probe the function of …

In recent years, epigenetic modifications have been widely researched. As humans age,
environmental and genetic factors may drive inflammation and immune responses by …

Ethnopharmacologic relevance Licorice is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been
used for cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies found that supplementation with licorice …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication in patients with
diabetes and is one of the main causes of renal failure. The current clinical treatment …

Renal tubular cell injury induced by calcium oxalate (CaOx) is a critical initial stage of kidney
stone formation. Theaflavin (TF) has been known for its strong antioxidative capacity; …