Abstract Purpose of Review Carbon sequestration and storage in forest ecosystems is often
promoted as a solution for reducing CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere. Yet, our …

Approximately 25 years ago, ecologists became increasingly interested in the question of
whether ongoing biodiversity loss matters for the functioning of ecosystems. As such, a new …

Permafrost degradation may induce soil carbon (C) loss, critical for global C cycling, and be
mediated by microbes. Despite larger C stored within the active layer of permafrost regions …

Causal effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functions can be estimated using experimental
or observational designs—designs that pose a tradeoff between drawing credible causal …

Ecosystem services (ES) are the ecological characteristics, functions, or processes that
directly or indirectly contribute to sustainable human wellbeing. The ecosystems that provide …

Barrier tissue dysfunction is a fundamental feature of chronic human inflammatory diseases
1. Specialized subsets of epithelial cells—including secretory and ciliated cells …

Species‐rich plant communities have been shown to be more productive and to exhibit
increased long‐term soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. Soil microorganisms are central to …

Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of
population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions …

Many experiments have shown that loss of biodiversity reduces the capacity of ecosystems
to provide the multiple services on which humans depend,. However, experiments …

Contents Summary 1059 I. Introduction: pathways of influence and pervasiveness of effects
1060 II. AM fungal richness effects on ecosystem functions 1062 III. Other dimensions of …