The chemical synthesis of DNA oligonucleotides and their assembly into synthons, genes,
circuits, and even entire genomes by gene synthesis methods has become an enabling …

The amino acid sequence of a protein affects both its structure and its function. Thus, the
ability to modify the sequence, and hence the structure and activity, of individual proteins in …

Carbohydrates play essential roles in nature, such as in cell–cell communication, cell growth
and immunoresponse. However, the synthesis of structurally well-defined carbohydrates …

Synthetic biology allows us to bioengineer cells to synthesize novel valuable molecules
such as renewable biofuels or anticancer drugs. However, traditional synthetic biology …

Polysaccharides are the most abundant biopolymers on earth that serve various structural
and modulatory functions. Pure, completely defined linear and branched polysaccharides …

Much of contemporary synthetic biology research relies on the use of bacterial chassis for
plugging-in and plugging-out genetic circuits and new-to-nature functionalities. However …

We provide an overview of current approaches to DNA-based storage system design and of
accompanying synthesis, sequencing and editing methods. We also introduce and analyze …

Our understanding of translation underpins our capacity to engineer living systems. The
canonical start codon (AUG) and a few near-cognates (GUG, UUG) are considered as the …

Improving our ability to construct and functionally characterize DNA sequences would
broadly accelerate progress in biology. Here, we introduce DropSynth, a scalable, low-cost …

A recent resurgence in basic and applied research on photosynthesis has been driven in
part by recognition that fulfilling future food and energy requirements will necessitate …