The Sun and other stars are magnetic: magnetism pervades their interiors and affects their
evolution in a variety of ways. In the Sun, both the fields themselves and their influence on …

The solar cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise
and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity …

The dynamic activity of stars such as the Sun influences (exo) planetary space environments
through modulation of stellar radiation, plasma wind, particle and magnetic fluxes. Energetic …

The most widely accepted model of the solar cycle is the flux transport dynamo model. This
model evolved out of the traditional α Ω dynamo model which was first developed at a time …

The Sun's magnetic field is generated by subsurface motions of the convecting plasma. The
latitude at which the magnetic field emerges through the solar surface (as sunspots) drifts …

This paper reviews recent advances and current debates in modeling the solar cycle as a
hydromagnetic dynamo process. Emphasis is placed on (relatively) simple dynamo models …

Solar meridional circulation is an axisymmetric flow system, extending from the equator to
the poles (∼ 20 m/s at the surface,≈ 1% of the mean solar rotation rate), plunging inwards …

The observational absence of giant convection cells near the Sun's outer surface is a long-
standing conundrum for solar modelers. We herein propose an explanation. Rotation …

Abstract A “Solar Dynamo”(SODA) Index prediction of the amplitude of Solar Cycle 25 is
described. The SODA Index combines values of the solar polar magnetic field and the solar …

After emerging to the solar surface, the Sun's magnetic field displays a complex and intricate
evolution. The evolution of the surface field is important for several reasons. One is that the …