Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease associated with
synovial tissue proliferation, pannus formation, cartilage destruction, and systemic …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that primarily targets
synovial joints, resulting in pain and functional limitations. It is the most common …

Importance Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are related
inflammatory disorders occurring in persons aged 50 years and older. Diagnostic and …

Key Clinical Points Giant-Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica The immune-mediated
diseases giant-cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica occur in patients 50 years of age or …

Saliva is a multifaceted bodily fluid that is often taken for granted but is indispensable for oral
health and overall well-being in humans. Although mainly comprised of water (99.5%) …

Systemic vasculitides are multisystem blood vessel disorders, which are defined by the size
of the vessel predominantly affected, namely small, medium, or large vessels. The term …

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the utility of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive
protein (CRP) for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to determine the frequency of …

Objectives Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease manifested clinically by
polyarthralgia associated with joint dysfunction triggering the antibodies targeting against …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, debilitating illness characterized by painful swelling
of the joints, inflammation of the synovial lining of the joints, and damage to cartilage and …

Objective Recent large-scale randomised trials demonstrate that immunomodulators reduce
cardiovascular (CV) events among the general population. However, it is uncertain whether …