Although anxiety disorders represent a major societal problem demanding new therapeutic
targets, these efforts have languished in the absence of a mechanistic understanding of this …

Stress affects a constellation of physiological systems in the body and evokes a rapid shift in
many neurobehavioral processes. A growing body of work indicates that the …

Progress in clinical and affective neuroscience is redefining psychiatric illness as
symptomatic expression of cellular/molecular dysfunctions in specific brain circuits. Post …

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) modulate anxiety
and social behaviors. It remains to be elucidated, however, whether direct projections from …

Preclinical and clinical studies implicate endocannabinoids (eCBs) in fear extinction, but the
underlying neural circuit basis of these actions is unclear. Here, we employed in vivo …

Exposure to stress is an undeniable, but in most cases surmountable, part of life. However,
in certain individuals, exposure to severe or cumulative stressors can lead to an array of …

Fear extinction involves the formation of a new memory trace that attenuates fear responses
to a conditioned aversive memory, and extinction impairments are implicated in trauma-and …

Anxious individuals consistently fail in controlling emotional behavior, leading to excessive
avoidance, a trait that prevents learning through exposure. Although the origin of this failure …

INTRODUCTION Decision-making in complex environments relies on flexibly combining
stimulus representations with context, goals, and memories. A central component of …

Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as major depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic
stress disorder, tend to be long-term conditions in whose development and maintenance …