Background Cytokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of dental caries. A
systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the following three objectives: 1) …

This narrative review aims to provide an update on caries risk assessment (CRA) and the
available CRA tools. CRA can be used to monitor the status of oral care, as well as for …

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking habit on the prevalence of
dental caries lesions in a follow-up study. Materials and Methods A total of 3,675 patients …

BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) usually originates from oral
potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), such as oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral lichen …

Abstract Purpose of Review Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) may be more susceptible
to oral disorders as a result of a combination of genetic factors, immunological disturbances …

Down syndrome (DS) is defined as trisomy chromosome 21, which is observed to be the
most prevalent autosomal genetic anomaly. Salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays an …

Dental caries, a prevalent oral health condition affecting 514 million children aged< 6 years,
globally, was a significant public health concern. Salivary biomarkers offer a non-invasive …

Abstrak Prevalensi nasional Indeks DMF-T adalah 4, 6, lebih besar dari standar WHO yaitu
3, 5. Karies hanya merupakan salah satu bukti tidak terawatnya kondisi gigi dan mulut …

Introduction: Smoking habits not only impact on malignant pathology and cardiovascular
disease, but have a direct impact on the oral cavity, causing a wide range of effects, from …