Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for life and are involved in the regulation of
almost all biological processes. ROS production is critical for plant development, response …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent production of ROS underlies sustained
oxidative stress, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases …

Angiogenesis, a new vessel formation from the pre-existing ones, is essential for embryonic
development, wound repair and treatment of ischemic heart and limb diseases. However …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical with critical signaling roles in physiology and
pathophysiology. The generation of sufficient NO levels to regulate the resistance of the …

Calcium is an important second messenger involved in intra-and extracellular signaling
cascades and plays an essential role in cell life and death decisions. The Ca 2+ signaling …

NADPH oxidases of the Nox family are important enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen
species (ROS). Numerous homologue-specific mechanisms control the activity of this …

atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, angiogenesis and
collateral formation, stroke, and heart failure. In this review, we discuss in detail the …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O
2) are thought to be byproducts of aerobic respiration with damaging effects on DNA …

At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their
effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have long been studied as destructive agents in the context
of nervous system ageing, disease and degeneration. Their roles as signalling molecules …