A review on green Lewis acids: zirconium(IV) oxydichloride octahydrate (ZrOCl2·8H2O) and zirconium(IV) tetrachloride (ZrCl4) in organic chemistry

K Nikoofar, Z Khademi - Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2016 - Springer
Lewis acids are important and interesting catalysts in most organic transformations. Among
different Lewis acids, Zr (IV) species such as ZrCl 4 and ZrOCl 2· 8H 2 O are allocated …

Microwave-assisted catalytic conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in ionic liquids

B Liu, Z Zhang, ZK Zhao - Chemical engineering journal, 2013 - Elsevier
Microwave-assisted direct conversion of cellulose into HMF in ionic liquids catalyzed by
ZrCl4 has been investigated in search of an efficient and environment-friendly process …

Some applications of zirconium(IV) tetrachloride (ZrCl4) and zirconium(IV) oxydichloride octahydrate (ZrOCl2.8H2O) as catalysts or reagents in organic synthesis

H Firouzabadi, M Jafarpour - Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 2008 - Springer
Abstract Both ZrCl 4 and ZrOCl 2. 8H 2 O are commercially available solid chemicals. Due to
their low toxicities (LD 50 [ZrCl 4 oral rate]= 1688 mg/kg),(LD 50 [ZrOCl 2. 8H 2 O oral rate] …

Lewis acid catalyzed highly selective halogenation of aromatic compounds

Y Zhang, K Shibatomi, H Yamamoto - Synlett, 2005 - thieme-connect.com
A simple and efficient procedure for the halogenation of aromatic compounds with NCS,
NBS, NIS and NFSI in the presence of catalytic amount of ZrCl 4 is described. Chlorination …

ZrOCl2· 8H2O/silica gel as a new efficient and a highly water–tolerant catalyst system for facile condensation of indoles with carbonyl compounds under solvent-free …

H Firouzabadi, N Iranpoor, M Jafarpour… - Journal of Molecular …, 2006 - Elsevier
ZrOCl2· 8H2O/silica gel as a highly water–tolerant catalyst system has been applied for the
preparation of bis (indolyl) methanes via electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with …

Enhanced reactivity for aromatic bromination via halogen bonding with lactic acid derivatives

SI Baker, M Yaghoubi, SL Bidwell… - The Journal of …, 2022 - ACS Publications
We report a new method for regioselective aromatic bromination using lactic acid derivatives
as halogen bond acceptors with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). Several structural analogues of …

An efficient and practical process for the synthesis of bis (indolyl) methanes catalyzed by zirconium tetrachloride

ZH Zhang, L Yin, YM Wang - Synthesis, 2005 - thieme-connect.com
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ZrOCl2· 8H2O as a highly efficient and the moisture tolerant Lewis acid catalyst for Michael addition of amines and indoles to α, β-unsaturated ketones under solvent …

H Firouzabadi, N Iranpoor, M Jafarpour… - Journal of Molecular …, 2006 - Elsevier
The 1, 4-conjugate addition of indoles and amines to cyclic and acyclic α, β-unsaturated
ketones for C–N bond formation was efficiently carried out under solvent-free conditions at …

ZrCl4 dispersed on dry silica gel provides a useful reagent for S-alkylation of thiols with alcohols under solvent-free conditions

H Firouzabadi, N Iranpoor, M Jafarpour - Tetrahedron letters, 2006 - Elsevier
ZrCl4 which is commercially available and not a costly compound, is a relatively safe
chemical [LD50 [ZrCl4, oral rat]= 1688mgKg]. In this report we describe the use of ZrCl4 …

An efficient one-pot synthesis of benzothiazolo-4β-anilino-podophyllotoxin congeners: DNA topoisomerase-II inhibition and anticancer activity

A Kamal, BA Kumar, P Suresh, N Shankaraiah… - Bioorganic & medicinal …, 2011 - Elsevier
An efficient one-pot iodination methodology for the synthesis of benzothiazolo-4β-anilino-
podophyllotoxin (5a–h) and benzothiazolo-4β-anilino-4-O-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (6a …