Subterranean ecosystems are among the most widespread environments on Earth, yet we
still have poor knowledge of their biodiversity. To raise awareness of subterranean …

The second edition of this widely cited textbook continues to provide a concise but
comprehensive introduction to cave and subterranean biology, describing this fascinating …

The use of semi‐isolated habitats such as oceanic islands, lakes and mountain summits as
model systems has played a crucial role in the development of evolutionary and ecological …

Iron formations display some of the oldest and most enigmatic landforms on Earth, presently
restricted to few areas of the planet. The original rock, the Banded Iron Formation (BIF) was …

Environmental stability and oligotrophy are considered the main drivers of species
distribution within caves due to physiological and nutritional requirements presented by …

To protect indigenous land and avoid the spread of deforestation in the Amazon, state and
federal Brazilian agencies recognized several protected areas since the 1990s. However …

The eastern Brazilian Amazon contains many isolated ferruginous savanna ecosystem
patches (locally known as 'canga vegetation') located on ironstone rocky outcrops on the top …

Semiarid regions experience conspicuous seasonal variations, especially related to
precipitation. Caves in these areas can be exceptions since they are less affected by dry …

Macroecologists seek to identify drivers of community turnover (β-diversity) through broad
spatial scales. However, the influence of local habitat features in driving broad-scale β …

Deforestation, the complete removal of an area's forest cover; and forest degradation, the
significant loss of forest structure, functions, and processes; are the result of the interaction …