Aim Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a diagnosis for children who toe walk without another
diagnosis known to cause toe walking. Recent research has suggested that children with …

Challenging behaviours often co-occur at high rates among those with autism spectrum
disorder and intellectual disability. Challenging behaviours, including self-injury, aggression …

Background Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a gait deviation characterized by forefoot contact
with the ground, possibly enhancing the risk of falling and causing Achilles' tendon …

Background Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is an exclusionary diagnosis resulting in a child
walking on the balls of their feet. Preferred treatment options may be due to the severity of …

Purpose: To compare muscle strength, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), motor
coordination and balance, between children with and without Idiopathic Toe Walking (ITW) …

Background The lack of consensus regarding optimal nonoperative management of
idiopathic toe walking (ITW) results in wide variation in treatment across providers and …

AIMS: The aim of this study was to gain a consensus for best practice of the assessment and
management of children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) in order to provide a benchmark …

Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a gait abnormality in which children's toes touch at initial
contact and demonstrate limited or no heel contact throughout the gait cycle. Toe walking …

Objectives To determine if children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) reach Australian 24-
hour movement guidelines. Additional objectives were to identify any factors associated with …

Objectives To explore how motor control interventions are conceptualised during treatment
of children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) by physiotherapists in Australia and USA …