Background In this paper, we argue for Gender as a Sociocultural Variable (GASV) as a
complement to Sex as a Biological Variable (SABV). Sex (biology) and gender (sociocultural …

Current trends in quantitative health research have highlighted the inadequacy of the usual
operationalisation of sex and gender, resulting in a growing demand for more nuanced …

The current study reports the development from the Male Role Norms Inventory–Revised
(MRNI-R; Levant, Rankin, Williams, Hasan, & Smalley, 2010) of the 21-item MRNI-Short …

Why do men tend to underutilize mental health services? One reason may be that men are
less frequently referred to seek such services. Indeed, male friends and family members may …

Es existiert kaum ein Forschungsfragebogen in den Sozialwissenschaften, in dem nicht
routinemäßig auch das Geschlecht abgefragt wird. Die entsprechende Frage samt …

This study was designed to replicate the study of Levant, Wimer, and Williams (2011), which
reported complex relationships between masculinity and health behaviors using a more …

During the last 30 years, over 350 research studies have used the Gender Role Conflict
Scale (O'Neil, Helms, Gable, David, & Wrightsman, 1986) to assess men's gender role …

Since its development in the late 1980s, the Male Role Norms Inventory (MRNI) and related
forms have been used in 91 studies to examine masculinity ideologies through male role …

Heterosexual-identified men, as compared to non-heterosexual-identified men, are less
likely to seek out psychotherapy when experiencing psychological distress. Stronger …

Masculinity has been theorized to be an anxiety-provoking state. Consequently, many
researchers have examined masculinity in relation to negative psychological outcomes such …