Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) play an important role in the multifaceted management of
neck and back pain. Corticosteroid preparations used in ESIs may be considered …

Spine disease is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases, especially in an aging
society. An epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a highly effective treatment that can be used to …

Background: Pain is a common problem afflicting humanity. Back pain is a musculoskeletal
disorder with a high prevalence; this pain may occur to anyone at least once during their …

Background: Epidural steroid injections are widely used to treat spinal and radiating pain.
However, crystal formation has recently been reported in mixtures of ropivacaine and …

Background Optimal needle depth in transforaminal epidural injection (TFEI) is determined
by body measurements and is influenced by the needle entry angle. Physician can choose …

Abstract Purpose of Review Epidural steroid injections are an accepted treatment for low
back pain and radicular symptoms. While epidural steroid injections are routinely performed …

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate patients who were given
particulate and non-particulate steroids for transforaminal epidural steroid injection due to …

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of lumbar transforaminal epidural block (LTEB) for
treatment of low back pain with radicular pain. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the …

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the difference on pain intensity and
disability between particulate and non-particulate steroid injections in patients with lumbar …

Background: Nucleoplasty and neuroplasty are often performed in patients with refractory
lower back pain when conservative treatment is ineffective. Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is …