The concept of 'idiopathic'Parkinson's disease (PD) as a single entity has been challenged
with the identification of several clinical subtypes, pathogenic genes and putative causative …

Objective To update evidence‐based medicine recommendations for treating nonmotor
symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Background The International Parkinson and …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a 200 year-long research
history. Our understanding about its clinical phenotype and pathogenesis remains limited …

Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia, jointly known as Lewy body
dementia, are common neurodegenerative conditions. Patients with Lewy body dementia …

Orthostatic hypotension (OH), a common, often overlooked, disorder with many causes, is
associated with debilitating symptoms, falls, syncope, cognitive impairment, and risk of …

Lower urinary tract dysfunction is a common sequel of neurological disease resulting in
symptoms that significantly impacts quality of life. The site of the neurological lesion and its …

The α-synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by
abnormal accumulation of insoluble α-synuclein in neurons and glial cells, comprising …

Patients with Parkinson's disease present with signs and symptoms of dysregulation of the
peripheral autonomic nervous system that can even precede motor deficits. This …

Dysfunctional mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is implicated in the pathogenesis of
Parkinson's disease (PD). The improper selection of mitochondria for mitophagy increases …

Pain is a very frequent symptom with influence on the quality of life in Parkinson's disease
(PD), but is still underdiagnosed and commonly treated only unsystematically. Pain etiology …