Metal ions are essential for many reactions, but excess metals can be toxic. In bacteria,
metal limitation activates pathways that are involved in the import and mobilization of metals …

Bacteria adapt to environmental stimuli by adjusting their transcriptomes in a complex
manner, the full potential of which has yet to be established for any individual bacterial …

In the ancient anaerobic environment, ferrous iron (Fe2+) was one of the first metal
cofactors. Oxygenation of the ancient world challenged bacteria to acquire the insoluble …

Small RNA regulators (sRNAs) have been identified in a wide range of bacteria and found to
play critical regulatory roles in many processes. The major families of sRNAs include true …

Control of metal homeostasis is essential for life in all kingdoms. In most prokaryotic
organisms the FUR (ferric uptake regulator) family of transcriptional regulators is involved in …

Small proteins, here defined as proteins of 50 amino acids or fewer in the absence of
processing, have traditionally been overlooked due to challenges in their annotation and …

Iron is a versatile redox-active catalyst and a required cofactor within a diverse array of
biological processes. To almost all organisms, iron is both essential and potentially toxic …

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that colonizes about 20% of the human
population. Intriguingly, this Gram-positive bacterium can survive and thrive under a wide …

Bacteria live in environments that are subject to rapid changes in the availability of the
nutrients that are necessary to provide energy and biosynthetic intermediates for the …

Multiple heavy metal contamination is an increasingly common global problem. Heavy
metals have the potential to disrupt microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling. However …