To coordinate, adapt and respond to biological signals, cells convey specific messages to
other cells. An important aspect of cell–cell communication involves secretion of molecules …

Lipids have essential biological functions in the body (eg, providing energy storage, acting
as a signaling molecule, and being a structural component of membranes); however, an …

Transmembrane proteins comprise~ 30% of the mammalian proteome, mediating
metabolism, signalling, transport and many other functions required for cellular life. The …

Over the past decades, lipid‐based nanoparticle drug delivery systems (DDS) have caught
the attention of researchers worldwide, encouraging the field to rapidly develop improved …

Exosomes are generated within the multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) as intraluminal
vesicles (ILVs) and secreted during the fusion of MVEs with the cell membrane. The …

A fundamental feature of cellular plasma membranes (PMs) is an asymmetric lipid
distribution between the bilayer leaflets. However, neither the detailed, comprehensive …

Many enveloped viruses induce multinucleated cells (syncytia), reflective of membrane
fusion events caused by the same machinery that underlies viral entry. These syncytia are …

Immune signalling pathways convert pathogenic stimuli into cytosolic events that lead to the
resolution of infection. Upon ligand engagement, immune receptors together with their …

During T cell activation, the transmembrane adaptor protein LAT (linker for activation of T
cells) forms biomolecular condensates with Grb2 and Sos1, facilitating signaling. LAT has …

Maintenance of lipid asymmetry across the two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM)
bilayer is a ubiquitous feature of eukaryotic cells. Loss of this asymmetry has been widely …