Health is usually defined as the absence of pathology. Here, we endeavor to define health
as a compendium of organizational and dynamic features that maintain physiology. The …

Recent scientific and technological advances have brought us closer to being able to apply
a true biopsychosocial approach to the study of resilience in humans. Decades of research …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the only major mental disorder for which a cause is
considered to be known: that is, an event that involves threat to the physical integrity of …

Stress is defined as an adverse condition that disturbs the homeostasis of the body and
activates adaptation responses. Among the many pathways and mediators involved …

Resilience is the ability to adapt successfully in the face of stress and adversity. Stressful life
events, trauma, and chronic adversity can have a substantial impact on brain function and …

Todos en un momento de nuestra vida sufrimos el estrés, verdaderamente, es un problema
en aumento, sobre todo a nivel laboral. En ocasiones, la sociedad lo ve como algo natural y …

Neuropeptides are important mediators both within the nervous system and between
neurons and other cell types. Neuropeptides such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related …

Suicide is a major medical and social problem. Decades of suicide research have mostly
focused on risk factors for suicidal behaviour while overlooking protective factors such as …

This review serves as a systematic guide to the genetics of generalized anxiety disorder
(GAD) and further focuses on anxiety-relevant endophenotypes, such as pathological worry …

The gut–brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain.
Four information carriers (vagal and spinal afferent neurons, immune mediators such as …