The general spread of Tribulus terrestris L.(South Africa, Australia, Europe, and India), the
high content of active ingredients (in particular sterol saponins, as well as flavonoids …

Purpose Testosterone replacement and associated pharmacologic agents are effective
strategies to treat male hypogonadism; however, nutraceutical agents and lifestyle …

Background Male factor infertility often results from testicular disorders leading to
inadequate sperm quantity and quality. Both beneficial and detrimental effects of botanical …

Ethno-pharmacological relevance Phytotherapeutic approaches have been widely
proposed to improve male health. Despite the well-touted effects of tribulus (Tribulus …

Extensive attention has been focused on herbal medicine for the treatment of different
endocrine disorders. In fact, compelling scientific evidence indicates that natural compounds …

Dietary supplements (DS) represent a possible approach to improve sperm parameters and
male fertility. A wide range of DS containing different nutrients is now available. Although …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of major threatens of death
worldwide, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is an important …

Tribulus terrestris, L.(puncture vine) have been used as a folk medicine for five thousands of
years, but its targets, effects, their mechanisms and application requires further studies. This …

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a sodium salt derived from glutamic acid, is widely used in
commercial food products to improve taste, quality, and preservation. However, its …

Introduction Infertility is one of the growing health problems in most countries. However,
current treatment methods have a high cost and low success rate. In this study, to facilitate …