In a normal human life span, the heart beats about 2–3 billion times. Under diseased
conditions, a heart may lose its normal rhythm and degenerate suddenly into much faster …

The beating of the heart is a synchronized contraction of muscle cells (myocytes) that is
triggered by a periodic sequence of electrical waves (action potentials) originating in the …

In the present report, we introduce an integrative three-dimensional electromechanical
model of the left ventricle of the human heart. Electrical activity is represented by the ionic …

Spiral waves occur in various types of excitable media and their dynamics determine the
spatial excitation patterns. An important type of spiral wave dynamics is drift, as it can control …

Arrhythmias in cardiac tissue are related to irregular electrical wave propagation in the heart.
Cardiac tissue is formed by a discrete cell network, which is often heterogeneous. A …

It has been hypothesized that stationary scroll wave filaments in cardiac tissue describe a
geodesic in a curved space whose metric is the inverse diffusion tensor. Several numerical …

Nonlinear waves were found in various types of physical, chemical, and biological excitable
media, eg, in heart muscle. They can form three-dimensional (3D) vortices, called scroll …

A scroll wave in a sufficiently thin layer of an excitable medium with negative filament
tension can be stable nevertheless due to filament rigidity. Above a certain critical thickness …

We study the impact of spatial confinement on the dynamics of three-dimensional (3D)
excitation vortices with circularfilaments. In a chemically active medium we observe a …

One of the fundamental mechanisms for the onset of turbulence in 3D excitable media is
negative filament tension. Thus far, negative tension has always been obtained in media …