Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes a transactivator of transcription (Tat)
protein, which has several functions that promote viral replication, pathogenesis, and …

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are responsible for chronic and progressive
multisystemic clinical forms, which significantly reduce flocks' productivity and have a …

Capsid protein of norovirus genogroup II (GII) plays crucial roles in host infection. Although
studies on capsid gene evolution have been conducted for a few genotypes of norovirus, the …

Background HIV-1 produces Tat, a crucial protein for transcription, viral replication, and CNS
neurotoxicity. Tat interacts with TAR, enhancing HIV reverse transcription. Subtype C Tat …

The transactivator of transcription (Tat) is a key HIV regulatory protein. We aimed to identify
the frequency of key polymorphisms in HIV-1C compared with HIV-1B Tat protein, chiefly in …

Background Since 1982, HIV-1 epidemics have evolved to different scenarios in terms of
transmission routes, subtype distribution and characteristics of transmission clusters. We …

HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) interacts with cellular receptors and mediates virus entry
into target cells. Blocking Env-receptor interactions represents an effective interventional …

The marine environment has served as a rich apothecary of bioactive compounds. Among
which, surface-active agents (SAAs) that include biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers are …

The presence of non-B HIV subtypes in the USA has been documented during the epidemic,
although the timing of early introductions of different subtypes remains uncertain. Subtype C …

Desde comienzos de los años 1982 la epidemia de VIH en España ha seguido una
dinámica cambiante en la distribución de subtipos, prevalencia de las rutas de transmisión y …