Striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) are central for the processing and reinforcement of
reward‐related behaviors that are negatively affected in states of altered dopamine …

The striatum constitutes the main input structure of the basal ganglia and receives two major
excitatory glutamatergic inputs, from the cortex and the thalamus. Excitatory cortico‐and …

External rewards such as food and money are potent modifiers of behaviour,. Pioneering
studies established that these salient sensory stimuli briefly interrupt the tonic discharge of …

Studies in dopamine-depleted rats indicate that the external globus pallidus (GPe) contains
two main types of GABAergic projection cell; so-called “prototypic” and “arkypallidal” …

Rhythmic neural network activity has been broadly linked to behavior. However, it is unclear
how membrane potentials of individual neurons track behavioral rhythms, even though …

Glial cells can be in vivo reprogrammed into functional neurons in the adult CNS; however,
the process by which this reprogramming occurs is unclear. Here, we show that a distinct …

Striatal acetylcholine and dopamine critically regulate movement, motivation, and reward-
related learning. Pauses in cholinergic interneuron (CIN) firing are thought to coincide with …

Corticostriatal regulation of striatal dopamine (DA) transmission has long been postulated,
but ionotropic glutamate receptors have not been localized directly to DA axons. Striatal …

To understand striatal function, it is essential to know the functional organization of the
numerous inputs targeting the diverse population of striatal neurons. Using optogenetics, we …

The prevailing view is that parvalbumin (PV) interneurons play modulatory roles in
emotional response through local medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs). Here, we show …