Biological assay has been based on analysis of all individuals collected from sample
populations. Bulked sample analysis (BSA), which works with selected and pooled …

Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) function in diverse signaling pathways, including the
responses to microbial signals in symbiosis and defense. This versatility is achieved with a …

Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critical for successful activation of immune
responses against pathogen infection. The plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD is a primary …

The plasma membrane (PM)‐localized receptor kinase FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2)
recognizes bacterial flagellin or its immunogenic epitope flg22, and initiates microbe …

In eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is constructed as a network of tubules
and sheets that exist in one continuous membrane system. Several classes of integral …

Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) represent an essential aspect of plant systems biology.
Identification of key protein players and their interaction networks provide crucial insights …

Abstract FLAGELLIN-SENSING2 (FLS2) is the plant cell surface receptor that perceives
bacterial flagellin or flg22 peptide, initiates flg22-signaling responses, and contributes to …

Vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis control the activities and turnover of plasma membrane
proteins required for signaling triggering or attenuating at the cell surface. In recent years …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a ubiquitous organelle that plays roles in secretory
protein production, folding, quality control, and lipid biosynthesis. The cortical ER in plants is …

The Snf1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is the plant homolog of the heterotrimeric AMP-
activated protein kinase/sucrose non-fermenting 1 (AMPK/Snf1), which works as a major …