Photonic crystal (PC) is an emerging optical microstructure material with adjustable
dielectric constant, which can vary with its space periodically. It has exhibited excellent …

Modern gas monitoring scenarios for medical diagnostics, environmental surveillance,
industrial safety, and other applications demand new sensing capabilities. This Review …

For detection of gases and vapors in complex backgrounds,“classic” analytical instruments
are an unavoidable alternative to existing sensors. Recently a new generation of sensors …

The Morpho butterfly's wings display beautiful, naturally-occurring iridescent colors that are
produced by incident light interacting with periodic nanostructures on wing scales. This type …

Photonic structures incorporated in lepidopteran scales are responsible for a very broad
range of optical effects: iridescence, narrow-band reflection, large solid-angle scattering …

When the constitutive materials of photonic crystals (PCs) are stimuli-responsive, the
resultant PCs exhibit optical properties that can be tuned by the stimuli. This can be …

The slow photon effect in a photonic crystal (PC) can lead to delay and storage of light in the
PC and has an immense potential for improving solar-to-energy efficiency. A series of …

Photonic structures encased by a permeable envelope give rise to iridescent blue color in
the scales covering the male Hoplia coerulea beetle. This structure comprises a periodic …

The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) positive replica templated twice from the excellent light
trapping surface of butterfly Trogonoptera brookiana wing scales was fabricated by a simple …

Naturally occurring photonic crystals present on the wing scales of Papilio butterflies are
known to exhibit vivid iridescent coloration as well as various optical properties, including …