▪ Abstract Galactic winds are the primary mechanism by which energy and metals are
recycled in galaxies and are deposited into the intergalactic medium. New observations are …

Intergalactic space is filled with a pervasive medium of ionized gas, the intergalactic medium
(IGM). A residual neutral fraction is detected in the spectra of quasistellar objects at both low …

We discuss a numerical model for black hole growth and its associated feedback processes
that for the first time allows cosmological simulations of structure formation to self …

We investigate models of self-consistent chemical enrichment of the intergalactic medium
(IGM) from z= 6.0→ 1.5, based on hydrodynamic simulations of structure formation that …

To better understand the nature of the multiphase material found in outflowing galaxies, we
study the evolution of cold clouds embedded in flows of hot and fast material. Using a suite …

We present the results of numerical studies of supernova remnant evolution and its effects
on galactic and globular cluster evolution. We show that parameters such as the density and …

Using semi-analytic models of galaxy formation set within the cold dark matter (CDM)
merging hierarchy, we investigate several scenarios for the nature of the high-redshift) …

▪ Abstract Cosmic structure has formed as a result of gravitational amplification of primordial
density fluctuations together with the action of other physical processes (adiabatic gas …

Despite much recent theoretical and observational progress in our knowledge of the early
universe, many fundamental questions remain only partially answered. Here, we review the …

At redshifts z≳ 2, most of the baryons reside in the smooth intergalactic medium which is
responsible for the low column density Ly α forest. This photoheated gas follows a tight …