Galectins, which were first characterized in the mid-1970s, were assigned a role in the
recognition of endogenous ('self') carbohydrate ligands in embryogenesis, development and …

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that infects an astonishing variety
of vertebrate hosts including humans. Classified in the phylum Apicomplexa, T. gondii …

Vertebrate cells are highly susceptible to infection by obligate intracellular parasites such as
Toxoplasma gondii, yet the mechanism by which these microbes breach the confines of their …

Apicomplexan parasites invade cells by a unique mechanism involving discharge of
secretory vesicles called micronemes. Microneme proteins (MICs) include transmembrane …

Advances in the glycobiology and immunology fields have provided many insights into the
role of carbohydrate-protein interactions in the immune system. We aim to present a …

T. gondii is a major opportunistic pathogen chronically infecting nearly one third of the
world's population. Due to the high infection and mortality rates in immunocompromised …

Recent evidence has implicated galectins, a family of evolutionarily conserved carbohydrate‐
binding proteins, as regulators of immune cell homeostasis and host–pathogen interactions …

Host cell invasion is an essential step during infection by Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular
protozoan that causes the severe opportunistic disease toxoplasmosis in humans. Recent …

Infection with Toxoplasma gondii causes morbidity and mortality in congenitally infected and
immunocompromised individuals. Both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are involved in …

Intracellular life-style has been adopted by many pathogens as a successful immune
evasion mechanism. To gain entry to a large variety of host cells and to establish an …